Efficacy/Effectiveness

(Short-Term Impact/Outcomes for Participants)

Consider including objective measures of outcome (in addition to self-report):

• Consider multiple outcome measures to triangulate an intervention effect.
• Consider specifying a theoretical framework that might explain change in behavior.
• Measure relevant theoretical constructs to assess mediational relationships between the intervention and anticipated change in the outcome variable(s).
• Record adverse outcomes and assess quality of life to judge unintended consequences.
• Track costs of all aspects of the intervention e.g., intervention materials, equipment, personnel, time, and space requirements