Checklist for Study or Intervention
Planning
Click here for a
Checklist for Study or Intervention Planning.
Ways to Address Reach in Efficacy
and Effectiveness Studies
During Efficacy Trials (Phase III Research),
do these things to address Maintenance:
- Assess recidivism among participants.
- Engage potential community settings
in strategic planning efforts.
- Document extent to which research
protocol is retained by setting/agency once the formal study
is completed.
During Effectiveness Trials (Phase IV Research),
do these things to address Maintenance:
- Assess continuation of program
over time, and especially after research phase concludes.
- Systematically program for and
evaluate the level of institutionalization of the program elements
after formal study assistance is terminated.
Common Challenge Encountered in
Evaluating Health Behavior Interventions and Remedies
Not having the program or its effects maintained
over time might be remedied by doing these things:
- Include maintenance phase in
both protocol and in evaluation plan.
- Leave treatment (Tx) behind
after study and plan for institutionalization.
Questions to Ask about Reach when
Evaluating Health Promotion Programs and Policies
Individual Level
- What were the long-term effects
(minimum of 6-12 months) following intervention?
- What was the attrition rate?
- Were drop-outs representative?
- What impact did attrition have
on conclusions about effectiveness?
Setting Level
- To what extent were different
intervention components continued or insitutionalized?
- How was the original program
modified?
Questions to Ask and Ways to Enhance
Overall Impact
The Questions
- Does the program produce lasting
effects at the individual level?
- Can organizations sustain
the program over time?
- Are those persons and settings that
show maintenance those most in need?
Possible Ways to Enhance Dissemination
- Reduce level of resources required
- Incorporate "natural environmental" and
community supports
- Conduct follow-up assessments and interviews
to learn from those successful and those that are not at both
the individual and setting levels
- Institute incentives and policy
supports
Guidelines and Multi-level Strategies to Enhance Dissemination
and Public Health Impact
Individual Target Level
- Provide take-home messages
- Publicize the importance of re-screening
- Scheduled follow-up
- Provide advocacy opportunities for patients
Delivery Site or Organization Level
- Ensure follow-up
- Conduct outreach efforts for those
not involved
- Provide feedback on re-screening rates
Systems or Network Level
- Automate and institutionalize reports
- Publicize results
- Commit to national or state organizations
Addressing Other Elements
Click on other elements listed below to
access related resources.
